[27] Kohnstamm, J., 2013. Letter from the A29WP Chairman Jacob Kohnstamm to the Vice President of the European Commission Mrs Reding regarding the PRISM program (13 August 2013).
[28] Liu, Edward C., Legislative Attorney (2011). Amendments to the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) Extended Until June 1, 2015. http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/intel/R40138.pdf
[32] Mooers, C.,1950. »Information retrieval viewed as temporal signaling« (PDF). Proceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians. 1: 572–573. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-05-23.
[33] Goffman, W. and Warren, K. S, 1980. Scientific information systems and the principle of selectivity. New York: Praeger Publishers.
[34] Šercar, T., 1988. Komunikacijska filozofija znanstvenih časopisa. Zagreb: Globus.
[38] Coats, D. R., 2019. From the Director of National Intelligence. National Intelligence Strategy of the United States of America. National_Intelligence_Strategy_2019.pdf (dni.gov)
[39] Brookes, B. C., 1980. The foundations of information science. Part I. Philosophical aspects. (PDF) The foundations of information science | วาทิตา เอื้อเจริญ - Academia.edu
20. marec 2023
Notes:
1 dr. sc. Tvrtko-Matija Šercar, retired employee of IZUM, https://nsa.gov1.info/utah-data-center 5 The head of the CIA says about operative Jason Bourne in the movie of the same name that he is even more dangerous than Snowden in terms of the possibility of revealing information of the highest level of confidentiality Jason Bourne: More than a rerun, because he’s never been more relevant - Variety 6 It is a sentence by Isaac Newton in the essay »General Scholium«, which was added to the second edition of »Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica« from 1713 [18].
7 Relevant information is information, which corresponds to the search request, and pertinent information is information, which corresponds to our needs, which we don’t always have to be aware of.
8 When referring to a network, a »hub« is the most basic network device that connects multiple computers or other network devices together.
9 Metadata is »data about data« that provides information about other data. They can be descriptive, structural, managerial, referential and statistical.
Descriptive metadata is descriptive information about the source of information: title, abstract, author and keywords; they are used to discover and identify resources, for example in librarianship.
Structural metadata is metadata about data containers and shows how resources are organized, for example how pages are organized into chapters. They describe the types, versions, relationships and other characteristics of digital materials.
Management metadata is information to help manage resources, such as resource type, permissions, and when and how the resource was created.
Reference metadata is information about the content and quality of statistical data.
Statistical metadata, also called process data, describes the processes for collecting and processing statistical data.
For structural and reference metadata used in the European Statistical System (ESS), see https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/metadata/metadata-structure Data and structural metadata MUST go together. A number like 3,651,881 is completely meaningless without the structural metadata that it is the entire female population of Bulgaria on January 1, 2017.
In contrast to structural metadata, reference metadata can be decoupled from data, i.e. it can be created, collected or disseminated separately from the statistics to which it relates.
They can also be linked to different levels of data: the entire collection, a set of data from a given country, a data element that concerns one country and one year.
In the movie Beyond a Reasonable Doubt (2009), we learn that metadata is more reliable than the data it refers to.
10 Stasi is the commonly known abbreviation of Staatssicherheit, i.e. the infamous secret security police of the Ministry of State Security (Ministerium für Staatssicherheit) of the German Democratic Republic, based in East Berlin, founded in 1950. It is described as one of the most efficient and repressive intelligence agencies in the world. Its motto was »Schild und Schwert der Partei« (Shield and Sword of the Party), namely the ruling Socialist Unity Party of Germany (Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands, SED).
11 The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) is a non-profit organization founded in 1920 to defend and preserve the individual rights and liberties guaranteed to every person in the country by the Constitution and laws of the United States.
12 CES (Commonwealth Employment Service) is the world’s stage for innovation and the place where the future of the technology industry is defined; app-procs, application processes
13 Dell is an American multinational computer technology corporation that develops, sells, repairs, and supports computers and related products and services. Named after founder Michael Dell, the company is one of the largest technology corporations in the world, employing more than 165,000 people in the United States and around the world. It is one of the world’s largest manufacturers of personal computer products.
14 Kant, Immanuel (1724 – 1804), German philosopher, the most influential figures in modern Western philosophy.
15 Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich (1770 – 1831), German philosopher, one of the most important figures in German idealism and one of the founding figures of modern Western philosophy.
16 Up to modern times philosophers have recognized the reality of either one or two worlds. But Karl Popper recognized a third world, that of objective knowledge which is the totality of all human thought embodies in human artefacts, as in document of course but also in music, the arts, the technologies – world of objective knowledge. The world of objective knowledge, the products of human mind as recorded in languages, the arts, the sciences, the technologies – in all the artefacts humans have stored or scattered around the Earth [39].
